Curricular structure: Geotechnics

Mandatory Disciplines

Code: CIV3000 | credits: 0

Oral defense of the research developed in the master's thesis, before an Examining Board made up of at least 3 (three) examiners with a doctorate degree, at least 1 (one) of them outside the PUC-Rio staff. If a co-supervisor participates in the Examining Board, this will not be considered for the purpose of completing the minimum number of components. The opinion of the Examining Board must be one of the following:

a) approved master’s thesis;

b) approved master's thesis, suggesting the incorporation, in the final version, of observations made by the examiners;

c) final approval of the master's thesis subject to compliance with the requirements made by the examiners;

d) failed master's thesis.

In the opinion a) ou b) the final version of the dissertation must be delivered by the student within a maximum period of one month after the defense; in the opinion c) The delivery deadline is determined by the Examining Board and cannot exceed six months after the defense date.

Code: CIV3020 | credits: 1

Undergraduate teaching activity, mandatory for all master's students, scholarship holders and non-scholarship holders, with a maximum workload of 4 hours per week. The minimum duration of the internship is one semester, generally carried out under the supervision of the professor-advisor. The higher education teacher who proves to have carried out such activities will be exempt from the teaching internship. The subject of the undergraduate teaching internship must be compatible with the student's training and research area. 

Code: LET3101 | credits: 0

The English Language Proficiency Exam consists of reading, understanding and interpreting technical text without the aid of a dictionary. Alternatively, the student can present an English course certificate at an intermediate or advanced level, or the following proof: TOEFL/IBT – minimum of 71 points valid for 2 years; TOEFL/ITP – minimum of 527 points valid for 2 years; IELTS Academic – grade 6 (with a minimum grade of 5 in listening, reading, writing, speaking) valid for 2 years; CAMBRIGDE EXAM – CAE or FCE – B2 without expiry date.

Code: CIV2531 | credits: 2

Menus

Structure and dynamics of the Earth; mineralogy and its relationship with Geotechnics; igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks and their relationship with Geotechnics; geological structures – tectonic faults and folds, tectonic and relief fractures, and the relationship with Geotechnics; Weathering and sedimentation profiles – alteration and alterability, residual soils and transported soils; surface and groundwater; disastrous geodynamic processes; geotechnical investigation.

REFERENCES

Brazilian Association of Engineering Geology. Engineering and Environmental Geology, ABGE, 912p., 2018; Guerra, AJT; Cunha, S.B.  Geomorphology and Environment, third edition, Bertrand do Brasil, 396 p., 2000; Carson, MA; Kirkby, M.J. Hillslope Form and Processes, Cambridge University Press, 484p., 2009; Pollard, D.D.; Fletcher, R.C. Fundamentals of Structural Geology, Cambridge University Press, 514p., 2005; John Huggett, R.J. Fundamentals of Geomorphology, 4th edition, Routledge, 578p., 2016.

Code: CIV2520 | credits: 2

Menus

Engineering problems in rocky environments in the areas of civil, mining and petroleum engineering. The nature of rocks and properties index. Resistance of intact rocks. Discontinuities in rock masses. Stereographic projections. Resistance of discontinuities and rock masses. Deformability of rock masses. Hydraulic properties of rock masses. In-situ stresses in rock masses.

REFERENCES

GOODMAN, RE Introduction to Rock Mechanics, Wiley, 1989; JAEGER, JC, and COOK, NGW, Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics, Science Paperback, 1976; ZHANG, L. Engineering Properties of Rocks. Elsevier, 2017; HUDSON, JA, HARRISON, J.P. Engineering Rock Mechanics, Pergamon Press, 1997; FRANKLIN, JA and DUSSEAULT, MB, Rock Engineering, McGraw-Hill, 1989.

Code: CIV2530 | credits: 4

Menus

1D permanent flow. 2D permanent flow. Flow networks. Anisotropic soils. Finite difference solution, Monte Carlo method, fragment method, physical models. 1D primary densification. Solution for engineering cases. Instant and time-dependent charging. Determination of geotechnical parameters. Primary compaction and secondary compression settlement. Vertical drains, pre-loading. 3D theory of primary densification. Temporary lowering of the water table. Sizing of filters and drains. Undrained application in saturated soils. Shear strength criterion. Laboratory and field tests. Stress trajectories. Stress x deformation x resistance behavior of sands and clays. Instrumentation. Critical state theory.

Konsulta'm

  • 1D permanent flow. Darcy's Law. Load concepts. Permeability coefficient
  • Capillarity. Effective voltage in permanent flow. Body forces. Safety factors. Laboratory and field trials
  • 2D steady flow equations. Cauchy-Riemann equations
  • Flow networks. Anisotropic soils. Transfer conditions
  • Finite difference solution. Monte Carlo method
  • Solution using the fragment method. Physical models
  • 1D primary densification. Solution for engineering cases
  • Time-dependent charging
  • Determination of parameters in the laboratory
  • Primary compaction and secondary compression settlement
  • Vertical drains. Preload
  • 3D theory of primary densification
  • Temporary lowering of the water table
  • Sizing of filters and drains
  • Stress x deformation x resistance behavior of sands and clays
  • Laboratory and field shear tests; sampling
  • CD, CU, UU triaxial tests
  • Undrained strength of clays
  • Stress trajectories
  • Short- and long-term behavior of saturated clays
  • Geotechnical instrumentation
  • Special laboratory tests
  • Critical state theory

REFERENCES

CEDERGREN, HR Seepage, Drainage and Flownets, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 496p., 1997; HARR, ME Groundwater and Seepage, Dover Publications, 336p., 2011; LAMBE, TW and WHITMAN, RV Soil Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, 576p., 1991; ALONSO, UR Temporary Lowering of Aquifers, Tenogeo / Geofix, 131p., 1999; LADE, PV Triaxial Testing of Soils, Wiley-Blackwell, 500p., 2016; NAPPET, J. and CRAIG, R.F. Craig Soil Mechanics, 8th edition, LTC publisher, 419p., 2014; REDDI, L.N. Seepage in Soils: Principles and Applications, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 402p., 2003; SCHNAID, F. and ODEBRECHT, E. Field Tests and Applications to Foundation Engineering, 2nd Edition, Editora Oficina Textos, 224p., 2012.

Code: CIV2540 | credits: 2

Menus 

Analysis of stresses and deformations. Invariants and Mohr's circle. Linear elastic model: isotropic and anisotropic. Theory of linear elasticity. Formulation of problems in elasticity. Applications to geotechnical engineering problems. Rupture criteria. 
 
Konsulta'm
  • Stress analysis: definition, stress state, planes and principal stresses. Tension balance. 3D Mohr circle. Haig-Westergaard space.
  • Deformation analysis: small deformations. Deformation – displacement relationships. Deformation compatibility.
  • Ideal elastic material: definitions. Stress – deformation relationship: general concepts; isotropic elastic materials. Interpretation of essays.
  • Stress – strain relationship: anisotropic elastic materials. Determination of parameters in transversely anisotropic media.
  • Formulation of problems in elasticity. Boundary conditions. Flat state of stress and deformation. Solutions in terms of tensions and in terms of displacements.
  • Application of elasticity theory in Geotechnics. Undrained loading. Poro-elastic problem.
    Rupture criteria. Influence of intermediate principal stress.
     
    REFERENCES
     
    CHOU, P. & PAGANO, N. Elasticity —Tensor Dyadic, and Engineering Approaches, Dover Publ., Inc., 290p., 1992; WANG, H.F. Theory of Linear Poroelasticity with Applications to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology, Princeton University Press, 204p., 2000; DESAI, CS & SIRIWARDANE, HJ Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials with Emphasis on Geologic Materials, Prentice Hall, Inc., 468p., 1984.

Code: CIV3009 | credits: 0

Submit to the Postgraduate Coordination a copy of a complete technical article, approved by the supervising professor and referring to the master's thesis, submitted to a national or international congress or to a journal considered to be at level B3 or higher in the area of ​​Engineering I at Qualis/Capes ( quadrennium 2013 – 2016).

Code: CIV2561 | credits: 0

Cycle of weekly lectures to disseminate and update scientific and technological advances in the area of ​​Geotechnics. The topics of the lectures are varied, covering different lines of PPG research, presented by specially invited professionals and researchers.

Code: CIV2562 | credits: 0

Cycle of weekly lectures to disseminate and update scientific and technological advances in the area of ​​Geotechnics. The topics of the lectures are varied, covering different lines of PPG research, presented by specially invited professionals and researchers.

Elective courses

Code: CIV2518 | credits: 2

Menus

Types of dams. Typical sections. Factors influencing the project. Geotechnical investigations in the foundation and borrow areas. Percolation through the massif and foundation. Analysis of pore pressures and drainage devices. Stability analysis: end of construction, permanent flow and rapid drawdown. Stress – strain analysis. Tailings dams. Construction techniques and construction control. Historical cases. 

REFERENCES

Massad, F. Earthworks, second edition, Editora Oficina Textos, 216p., 2010; Cruz, PT 100 Brazilian Dams, Editora Oficina Textos, second edition, 648p., 2004; USBR. Design of Small Dams, Interior Department Bureau of Reclamation, 2015; Jansen, R.B. Advanced Dam Engineering for Design, Construction & Rehabilitation, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 2011; Fell, R.; MacGregor, P.; Stapledon, D; Bell, G. Foster, M.  Geotechnical Engineering of Dams, CRC Press, 1382p., 2018; CBDB. The History of Dams in Brazil – XNUMXth, XNUMXth and XNUMXst centuries, National Book Editors Union, 524p., 2011.

Code: CIV2535 | credits: 3

Menus

Vibration theory of elementary systems: free and forced vibration, viscous, Rayleigh and hysteretic damping. Resonance frequency. Theory of wave propagation in elastic media: equation of motion, types of waves, reflection and transmission of waves. Behavior of sandy and clayey soils under cyclic loading. Constitutive models (equivalent linear model, cyclic nonlinear models, elastoplastic models). Behavior of surface foundations under vertical, horizontal, torsional, rocking and coupled excitation. Behavior of piles and pile groups under vertical, horizontal, torsional, rocking and coupled excitation. Seismic threat analysis. Seismic risk analysis. Project earthquake generation. Seismic amplification concepts. Site effects. Behavior of slopes under seismic loading. Dynamic and static liquefaction. Determination of geotechnical parameters in soil behavior models.

Konsulta'm

Vibration of a system with one degree of freedom. Free vibration with and without damping. Forced vibration with and without damping. Resonance frequency. Types of damping: viscous, Rayleigh and hysteretic.

Theory of wave propagation in elastic media. Helmholtz decomposition. Equation of motion. SH, SV and P plane waves. Rayleigh waves. Reflection and transmission of waves in homogeneous and stratified media. Determination of stresses, deformations and displacements in elastic media. Lamb's problem.

Behavior of shallow foundations on the surface of elastic media under vertical, horizontal, torsion, rocking and coupled cyclic loading. Solutions using the theory of elasticity and analogies of Lysmer and Hall. Buried foundations. Strata foundations.

Behavior of piles and groups of piles in elastic media under vertical, horizontal, torsion, rocking and coupled cyclic loading. Block influence and interaction between piles.

Cyclic behavior of soils. Field and laboratory tests. Stress x strain behavior models: equivalent linear, cyclic models, elastoplastic models. Hysteretic and Rayleigh damping.

Introduction to earthquake engineering. Seismic threat analysis. Seismic risk analysis.

Seismic behavior of slopes. Pseudo-static method. Seismic coefficient. Newmark's rigid block analogy. Makdisi and Seed decoupled method. Bray and Travasarou coupled method. Post-earthquake analysis.

Seismic amplification concepts. Amplification in seismic codes. Site effects. Frequency domain and time domain approach. Methods for design earthquake selection and adjustment. Equations for predicting ground motion (GMPE – Ground Motion Prediction Equations). Amplification in soft soil deposits.

Laboratory seismic tests: piezoelectric transducers, resonance column. Field seismic tests: crosshole tests, crosshole test with seismic tomography, downhole test, seismic pizocone, tests with surface waves: test with permanent R waves, continuous test with surface waves, spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW – Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves), wave reflection and refraction tests.

Soil liquefaction. Flow by liquefaction, cyclic softening. The concept of permanent state. Susceptibility to liquefaction. Beginning of liquefaction potential. Cyclic stress ratio CSR. CRR cyclic resistance ratio. Safety factor against liquefaction flow determined in a deterministic and probabilistic formulation based on SPT, CPT and S-wave propagation tests. Post-liquefaction resistance. Mitigation of the threat of liquefaction.

REFERENCES

JEFFERIES, M. and BEEN, K. Soil Liquefaction: A Critical State Approach, CRC Press, 712p., 2016; KRAMER, S.L. Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Pearson, 672p. 2007; VERRUIJT, A. An Introduction to Soil Dynamics, Springer, 448p., 2012; ACHENBACH, J.D. Wave Propagation in Elastic Solids, North-Holland, 1984; DAS, BM and RAMANA, GV Principles of Soil Dynamics, Second Edition, Cengage Learning, 673p., 2011; WOLF, J.P. Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction, Prentice-Hall, 466p., 1985; WOLF, J.P. Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis in Time Domain, Prentice-Hall, 446p., 1988.

Code: CIV2519 | credits: 3

Menus

Earth mass movements. Slope stability analysis methods. Limit equilibrium: circular and non-circular sliding surfaces. Slope stability. Unconventional aspects of stability analysis. Active, passive and resting thrust. Rankine and Coulomb theories. Retaining walls and curtains. Cable-and-bolted structures. Design aspects of slope and excavation containment structures.

Konsulta'm

Review of the stress-strain-resistance behavior of soils, with emphasis on residual soils;

Objectives of stability analysis: causes of instability;

Types of gravitational mass movements: classifications;

Types of analysis and the concept of security;

Analysis in terms of total tensions;

Analysis in terms of effective tensions;

Discussion of limit equilibrium methods;

Unconventional aspects of analysis;

Failure mechanisms on unsaturated slopes;

Slope instrumentation;

Buoyancy coefficient at rest;

Buoyancy: Rankine and Coulomb theories;

Slope stabilization techniques;

Techniques for stabilizing cuts and excavations.

REFERENCES

DUNCAN, JM and WRIGHT, SG Soil Strength and Slope Stability, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 293p., 2005; CHENG, YM and LAU, CK Slope Stability Analysis and Stabilization: New Methods and Insight, Routledge – Taylor & Francis, 241p., 2017; CLAYTON CRJ, WOODS, RI, BOND, AJ and MILITITSKY, J. Earth Pressure and Earth-Retaining Structures, 3rd Edition, CRC Press, 2014, 574p; BROMHEAD, EN The Stability of Slopes, Taylor and Francis e-Library, 406p., 2005; MORGAN, RPC and RICKSON, RJ Slope Stabilization and Erosion Control: a Bioengineering Approach, E&FN Spon – Chapman & Hall, 293p., 2005; BOWLES, J.E. Foundation Analysis and Design, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill Inc, 1024p, 1995; CHOWDHURY, R.N. Slope Analysis: Developments in Geotechnical Engineering Vol 22, Elsevier Pub. Co, 423 p., 1978; Selected technical articles.

Code: CIV2537 | credits: 2

Menus

Basic notions of metrology. Permeability tests in a rigid wall permeameter under constant load and under variable load and in a flexible wall permeameter. Incremental loading and controlled deformation loading (CRS) oedometric densification tests. Direct shear test. Simple shear test (DSS). UU, CU and CD triaxial tests, isotropic (hydrostatic), anisotropic and K0 densification, controlled deformation and controlled tension, compression and extension loads. 

REFERENCES

Germaine, JT & Germaine, AV Geotechnical Laboratory Measurements for Engineers, Wiley, 2009; Head, KH & Epps, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 2: Permeability, Shear Strength and Compressibility Tests, third edition, Whittles Publishing, 2011; Head, KH & Epps, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 3: Effective Stress Tests, third edition, Whittles Publishing, 2014; Albertazzi, A. & Souza, AR Fundamentals of Scientific and Industrial Metrology, second edition, Editora Manole Ltda, 2018; Head, K.H. Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 1: Soil Classification and Compaction Tests, third edition, Whittles Publishing, 2006; Vickers, B. Laboratory Work in Soil Mechanics, second edition, Granada Publishing, 1983.

Code: CIV2517 | credits: 3

Menus

Introduction: geotechnical behavior of foundations. Methods for evaluating total, initial settlement and consolidation of superficial and deep foundations (isolated and in groups). Methods based on the theory of linear elasticity. Approximate numerical methods. Empirical methods. Methods for assessing the bearing capacity of shallow and deep foundations. Limit balance; drain lines; limit analysis; cavity expansion. Dynamic formulation and applications of the wave equation. Assessment of the behavior of laterally loaded piles. Analysis of experimental results. Plate load test. Static and dynamic load tests on piles.

Konsulta'm

Types of foundation, geotechnical behavior.

Estimation of immediate, total settlement and consolidation of superficial and deep foundations.

Methods based on the theory of linear elasticity, numerical and empirical methods

Bearing capacity of shallow and deep foundations

Methods based on limit equilibrium, limit analysis, yield lines and cavity expansion

Side loaded piles

Analysis and discussion of experimentally obtained results: load tests on plates, static and dynamic load tests on piles.

REFERENCES

POULOS, HG and DAVIES, EH Elastic Solutions for Soil and Rock Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, 1973; POULOS, HG and DAVIS, EH Pile Foundation Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 1980; FANG, H.Y. Foundation Engineering Handbook, 2nd edition, Springer, 1990; DAY, R. Foundation Engineering Handbook, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill, 2010; BOWLES, J.E. Foundation Analysis and Design, 5th edition, McGraw-Hill, 2001; SCHNAID, F. and ODEBRECHT, E. Field Tests and Applications to Foundation Engineering, 2nd Edition, Editora Oficina Textos, 224p., 2012; CINTRA, JCA, AOKI, N., TSUHA, CHC and GIACHETI, HL Foundations: static and dynamic tests, Oficina de Textos, 2013; ABNT NBR 13208. Piles – Dynamic loading test, 2007; ABNT NBR 6489. Soil – Static load test on direct foundation, 2019.

Code: CIV2516 | credits: 3

Menus

Relationship of engineering geology with other disciplines in Geotechnics; characterization of natural and artificial masses – soil classification and weathering profiles, classification of rock masses, geotechnical cartography at different scales; geotechnical investigation – aerial photos and images, geophysical investigations, direct underground surveys, geotechnical mapping, instrumentation and GIS; external geodynamic processes – wind, pluvial, coastal, glacial and river erosion, landslides – causes, types and geological conditions; stability of natural and artificial slopes – description of causes and solutions, flow and stability analyses, containment and drainage solutions; rocks, soils and waste as construction materials – applications and classification, geological conditions, case studies; engineering geology of excavations and mining – applications and classification, geological conditions, cases studied; engineering geology of dams and tunnels – applications and classification, geological constraints, cases studied; engineering geology of linear works – highways, pipelines, transmission lines, canals and waterways – applications and classification, geological conditions, cases studied.

REFERENCES

Brazilian Association of Engineering Geology. Engineering and Environmental Geology, ABGE, 912p., 2018; Chiossi, N.M. Geology Applied to Engineering, Editora USP, São Paulo, 429 p., 1979; Guidicini, G.; Nieble, CM. Stability of Natural and Excavation Slopes, second edition, Blucher, 216p., 1984; Johnson, R.B.; DeGraff, J.V. Principles of Engineering Geology, Wiley, 497p., 1991; Dearman, R. Engineering Geological Mapping, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2013.

Code: CIV2545 | credits: 3

Menus

Origin of petroleum and sedimentary basins. Description of sedimentary rocks and their mechanical properties. Correlations with seismic and logging data. In situ stresses and fluid pressure in sedimentary basins. Stresses around wells. Well stability. Rupture during production: production of solids. Hydraulic fracturing. Reservoir compaction and subsidence. Geological-geomechanical modeling.

Konsulta'm

Introduction and importance of rock mechanics in petroleum engineering.

Characterization of sedimentary rocks: methods and tests.

Mechanical properties of sedimentary rocks: sandstones, shales, carbonates and evaporites. Laboratory tests and field estimation.

In situ stresses: evaluation through field tests. Influence of the fault regime. Examples.

Fluid pressure inside the Earth's crust: normal pressure and over-pressurized areas. Forecasting methods and examples.

Well stability analysis: well construction, stresses around wells, stability prediction methods, allowable pressure window. Examples.

Coating loading: formation creep, numerical analysis. Examples.

Rupture during production: solids production, prediction methods. Examples.

Compaction and subsidence: effect of production on deformations around the reservoir. Influence on production. Examples.

Hydraulic fracturing: importance, fracturing operation and methods for sizing the fracture. Examples.

Geological-geomechanical modeling: description of the rock mass modeling steps. Use in drilling. Examples.

REFERENCES

FJAER, E., HOLT, RM, HORSRUD, P., RAAEN, AM & RISNES, R. Petroleum Related Rock Mechanics, 2nd edition, Elsevier, 2008; ZOBACK, M. Reservoir Geomechanics, Cambridge University Press, 461p., 2010; THOMAS, J.E. Fundamentals of Petroleum Engineering, second edition, Editora Interciência, 272p., 2004.

Code: CIV2543 | credits: 3

Menus

Geotechnics and environmental damage: general aspects. Susceptibility and risk maps. Natural movements of solid mass: erosion, subsidence, slope instability. Waste and rejects: characterization and classification. Sanitary and industrial landfills. Sludge disposal: sedimentation and densification. Transport of contaminants. Sampling and testing. Geotechnics and environmental damage: general aspects. Susceptibility and risk maps. Natural movements of solid mass: erosion, subsidence, slope instability. Understanding groundwater hydrology. Geo-environmental investigation. Geo-environmental monitoring. Remediation of impacted areas. Degraded areas: assessment, monitoring and recovery techniques. Tailings dams.

Konsulta'm

Geotechnics and environmental damage

Susceptibility and risk maps

Risk identification and mapping

Risk mapping

Erosion

Geoenvironmental investigation

Remediation of impacted areas

Tailings dams

Recovery of degraded areas

REFERENCES

Rowe, R.K. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Handbook. Springer, NY, 2012; Sarsby, R.W. Environmental Geotechnics, ICE Publishing, London, 2013; Yong. RN Sustainable Practices in Geoenvironmental Engineering. CRC Press. FL, 2017; Brassington, R. Field Hydrogeology (Geological Field Guide), 4th edition, Wiley-Blackwell, NJ, 2017; Fell, R., Corominas, J., Bonnard, C., Cascini, L., Leroi, E., and Savage, W. Guidelines for landslide susceptibility, hazard and risk zoning for land use planning. Oficina de Textos, SP, 2013; Moore, J.E. Field Hydrogeology: A Guide for Site Investigations and Report Preparation. CRC Press. FL, 2002.

Code: CIV2555 | credits: 3

Menus

Introduction to solid waste disposal landfills. Criteria for selecting areas for landfills. Considerations on the conceptual design. Waterproofing systems. Slurry collection systems. Settlements in the foundation and in the waste mass. Construction. Operation. Coverage systems. Erosion control.

Konsulta'm

Overview of solid waste

Introduction to solid waste disposal geotechnics

Introduction to Landfills

Selection of areas for landfills

Conceptual design

Determination of MSW (municipal solid waste) properties

Waterproofing systems – clay minerals

Waterproofing systems – mineral barriers

Waterproofing systems – geomembranes and bentonite geocomposites

Quantification of leachate generated

Drainage and leachate collection systems

Flow and transport mechanisms

Gas production and collection

REFERENCES

QIAN, X., KOERNER, RM and GRAY, DH Geotechnical Aspects of Landfill Design and Construction, Prentice Hall, NJ, 2001; TOWNSEND, T. G., POWELL, J., JAIN, P., XU, Q., TOLAYMAT, T., and REINHART. D. Sustainable Practices for Landfill Design and Operation, Springer, NY, 2016; KOERNER, R. Designing with Geosynthetics, 5th ed., Prentice-Hall, NJ, 1998; BAGCHI, A. Design, Construction, and Monitoring of Landfills, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 1994; DANIEL, DE Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal, Chapman and Hall, NY, 696p., 1993; MCBEAN, EA, ROVERS, RA, FARQUHAR, GJ Solid Waste Landfill Engineering and Design, Prentice Hall PTR, NJ, 1995; OWEIS, IS, KHERA, RJ Geotechnology of Waste Management, 2nd ed., PWS, Boston, 1998; SHARMA, HD, LEWIS, SP Waste Containment Systems, Waste Stabilization and Landfills: Design and Evaluation, John Wiley, NY, 1994.

Code: CIV2553 | credits: 3

Menus

Brief review of stresses and deformations in soils. Interpretation of the Principle of Effective Tensions and its corollaries. Concept of internal friction in soils and Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. Various stress paths, compression and extension by loading and unloading. Drained versus undrained and contractile versus dilatant behavior of soils in the face of shear. Interpretation of pore pressure parameters. Triaxial tests on UU, CU and CD soils. Study of the stress-strain-resistance behavior of sands and clays based on results of triaxial tests published in classic technical-scientific articles.  

REFERENCES

ASCE Geo-Institute. A History of Progress – Selected US Papers in Geotechnical Engineering, Geotechnical Special Publication nº 118, volumes 1 and 2, edited by W. Allen Marr, 2003; Wesley, L. Professor AW Bishop's Finest Papers – A Commemorative Volume, Whittles Publishing, 2019; Atkinson, JH & Bransby, PL The Mechanics of Soils – An Introduction to Critical State Soil Mechanics. McGraw-Hill, 1978; Head, KH & Epps, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 2: Permeability, Shear Strength and Compressibility Tests, third edition, Whittles Publishing, 2011; Head, KH & Epps, RJ (2014). Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 3: Effective Stress Tests, third edition. Whittles Publishing, 2014; Henkel, DJ The Effect of Overconsolidation on the Behavior of Clays During Shear. Geotech, 6(4), 139-150, 1956; Lambe, T.W., & Whitman, R.V. Soil Mechanics, SI Version, John Wiley & Sons, 1979; Lee, KL & Seed, HB Drained Strength Characteristics of Sands, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 93(6), 117-141, 1967; Parry, RHG Triaxial Compression and Extension Tests on Remoulded Saturated Clay, Geotech, 10(4), 166-180, 1960; Skempton, AW The Pore-Pressure Coefficients A and B, Geotech, 4(4), 143-147, 1954; Taylor, D.W. Fundamentals of Soil Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, 1948; Terzaghi, K. The Shearing Resistance of Saturated Soils and the Angle between the Planes of Shear. Proc. 1st International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. Cambridge, Massachusetts, v.1, 54-56, 1936.

Code: CIV2546 | credits: 3

EMENTA

Origin and distribution of water and other fluids in geological environments. Engineering problems associated with the movement of fluids in geological media. Basic principles of flow in porous media. Flow in partially saturated porous media. Flow in aquifers and notions of well hydraulics. Understanding multiphase flow. Notions of hydrogeology. Flow in fractured media. Transport of contaminants in porous media. Mechanisms and equations of contaminant transport in porous media. Remediation techniques for contaminated areas. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Freeze, RA, Cherry, JA, Groundwater, Prentice Hall, 604p., 1979; Fitts, C. Groundwater Science, Academic Press, 692p., 2012; Fetter, C. W., Boving, T., Kreamer, D.  Contaminant Hydrogeology, Waveland Press, Inc, third edition, 647p., 2017; Bear, J. Dynamics of Fluid Flow in Porous Media, Dover, 800p., 1988; Bedient, P., Rifai, H., Newell, C., Groundwater Contamination: Transport and Remediation, Pearson College Div., second edition, 604p., 1999.

Code: CIV2554 | credits: 3

Menus

Basic principles of instrumentation. Resistive, inductive, acoustic and electrolytic sensors. Mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical instruments. Detail of laboratory instrumentation: measurements of force, total tension, pore pressure, displacements and volume variation. Detail of field instrumentation: measurements of surface and deep displacements, earth pressure, pore pressure and loads. Instrumentation program planning. Historical cases.
 
Konsulta'm
 
Assessment of uncertainties and errors
 
Instrumentation Principles
 
Laboratory instrumentation: measurements of force, total tension, neutral pressure, displacements and volume variation
 
Field instrumentation: measurements of surface and deep displacements, earth pressure, pore pressure and loads
 
Instrumentation program planning
 
historical cases
 
REFERENCES
 
DeRubertis, K. Monitoring Dam Performance: Instrumentation and Measurements, American Society of Civil Engineers, VA, 2018; Dunnicliff, J. Geotechnical Instrumentation for Monitoring Field Performance, Wiley Interscience, NJ, 2007; Singh, A. Soil Engineering in Theory and Practice :  Geotechnical Testing and Instrumentation, volume 2, 2nd edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt Ltd, India, 2014; Hanna, T.H. Foundation Instrumentation, Trans Tech Publications, Zurich, Switzerland, 1973; Head, K.H. Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing: Volume I, 3rd edition, Whittles Publishing, Dunbeath, UK, 2006; Head, KH, and EPPS, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume II, 3rd edition, Whittles Publishing, Dunbeath, UK, 2014; Head, KH, and EPPS, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume III, 3rd edition, Whittles Publishing, Dunbeath, UK, 2014.

Code: CIV2538 | credits: 2

Menus

Simple recognition probing with SPT tests with energy measurement and SPT-T tests. In situ permeability tests. Piezocone test. Field vane test. Dilatometer test. Pressure gauge test. Geophysical tests.

REFERENCES

Hunt, R.E. Geotechnical Engineering Investigation Handbook, second edition, CRC Press, 2005; Lunne, T., Robertson, P.K. & Powell, J.J.M. Cone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice, Spon Press, 1997; Schnaid, F. & Odebrecht, E. Field Tests and their Applications to Foundation Engineering, 2nd Edition, Oficina de Textos, 2012; ABGE. Survey Classification Guidelines, Brazilian Association of Engineering and Environmental Geology, 2013; ABGE. Soil Permeability Tests – Guidelines for Executing them in the Field, Brazilian Association of Engineering and Environmental Geology, 2015; ABNT NBR 10905. Soil – In situ reed tests – Test method, 1989; ABNT NBR 6484. Soil – Simple recognition survey with SPT – Test method, 2020; ABNT NBR 16796. Soil – Standard method for energy assessment in SPT, 2020; ABNT NBR 16797. Torque measurement in SPT tests during the execution of simple percussion recognition soundings – Procedure, 2020; ASTM D6635-15. Standard Test Method for Performing the Flat Plate Dilatometer, 2015; ASTM D1586/D1586M-18. Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils, 2018; ASTM D2573/D2573M-18. Standard Test Method for Field Vane Shear Test in Saturated Fine-Grained Soils, 2018; ASTM D4719-20. Standard Test Methods for Prebored Pressuremeter Testing in Soils, 2020; ASTM D5778-20. Standard Test Method for Electronic Friction Cone and Piezocone Penetration Testing of Soils, 2020.

Code: CIV2534 | credits: 3

Menus

Mechanical properties of rock masses. 3D modeling of rock masses. Stability of rock slopes: failure mechanisms and quantification methods. Underground excavations in rock: stresses and failure mechanisms, lining design for underground excavations. 

Konsulta'm

Properties of rock masses: definitions and properties of discontinuities, use of classification systems to obtain rock parameters. Representative elemental volume and use of models to define the properties of large volumes of rock.

3D modeling of rock masses: structural domains, use of 3D modelers for spatial distribution of properties

Slopes in rock masses: kinematic analysis, key block method, limit equilibrium analysis. Historical cases. Discussion of historical cases. Probabilistic studies in Rock Mechanics 

Underground excavations in rock: fundamentals, empirical methods for quantifying stability, methods for evaluating failure mode influenced by the structure, methods for evaluating the influence of in situ stresses, failure zones and historical cases, lining design in underground excavations. 

REFERENCES 

GOODMAN, RE Introduction to Rock Mechanics, John Wiley and Sons, 576p., 1988; HOEK, E. & BROWN, E.T. Underground Excavation in Rock, CRC Press, 532p., 1990; WYLLIE, DC Rock Slope Engineering, CRC Press, 5th edition, 636p., 2017; HOEK, E. & BRAY, J. Rock Slope Engineering, CRC Press, 3rd edition, 364p., 1981.

Code: CIV2544 | credits: 3

Menus

Critical state: stress-strain-resistance behavior of soils. Effects of anisotropy and rotation of principal stresses. Effects of temperature. Effects of shear velocity. Repetitive and cyclical loading. Unsaturated soils. Matric, solute and total suction. Humidity function. State variables and effective voltages. Stress-strain behavior. Shear strength. Volume variation. Hydraulic conductivity. Laboratory tests. Field instrumentation.

Konsulta'm

Review of the stress-strain-resistance behavior of soils within the context of the Critical State

Effects of temperature variations on the densification, compressibility, permeability and shear strength characteristics of soils

Effects of shear velocity on the drained and undrained behavior of soils

Influence of anisotropy, rotation of the direction of principal stresses and denting on the effect of shear rate on the stress-strain-strength behavior of undrained soils

Stress-strain-resistance behavior of soils under cyclic and repetitive loading

Influence of cyclic loading amplitude and frequency on undrained stress-strain-strength behavior of soils

Unsaturated soils: index properties

Suction concept in unsaturated soils

State variables and effective stresses in unsaturated soils

Suction measurements and control in unsaturated soils

Moisture retention curve in unsaturated soils

Hydraulic conductivity in unsaturated soils

Volume variation in unsaturated soils

Shear strength of unsaturated soils

Laboratory tests and field instrumentation

REFERENCES

WOOD, D.M. Soil Behavior and Critical State Soil Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, 462p., 1991; MITCHELL, JK and SOGA, K. Fundamentals of Soil Behavior, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 558p., 2005; FREDLUND, DG, RAHARDJO, H. and FREDLUND, MD Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 926p., 2012; LAMBE, TW and WHITMAN, RV Soil Mechanics, Wiley Series in Geotechnical Engineering, 553p., 1969; LU, N. and LIKOS, W.J. Unsaturated Soil Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 545p., 2004; LALOUI, L. Mechanics of Unsaturated Geomaterials, Wiley and ISTE Ltd, 381p., 2010; Selected technical articles.

Code: CIV2552 | credits: 3

Menus

Introduction. Partial differential equations in flow and transport problems. Numerical methods for solving steady/transient flow and transport equations in porous media: finite difference method, finite element method, boundary element method.

REFERENCES

Anderson MP, Woessner WW, Hunt. RJ Applied Groundwater Modeling: Simulation of Flow and Advective Transport, 2nd edition, Academic Press, 630p., 2015. Wang, H.F. Andreson, M.P.  Introduction to Groundwater Modeling: Finite Difference and Finite Element Methods, Academic Press, 237p., 1995. Bundschuh, J.; Suárez, M.C.  Introduction to the Numerical Modeling of Groundwater and Geothermal Systems: Fundamentals of Mass, Energy and Solute Transport in Poroelastic Rocks, CRC Press, 522p., 2010.

Code: CIV2532 | credits: 3

EMENTA

Introduction to the finite element method. Variational formulations. Interpolation and shape functions. Discretization of the equilibrium equation in terms of displacements. 1D, 2D finite elements (triangular, quadrilateral elements). Finite difference method in the time domain, explicit and implicit algorithms. Numerical quadrature. Infinite elements. Interface elements. Structural elements. Methods for solving nonlinear problems. Analysis of tension problems, permanent flow, densification. Simulation of the construction of landfills and excavations. Unconfined flow problems and slope stability analysis. Formulation using the weighted residual method. Modeling and solving problems with computer programs.

PROGRAMME

  • Variational formulation of the finite element method in terms of displacements for 1D stress analysis problems. Interpolation and shape functions. Deformation vs. nodal displacements.
  • Formulation for analyzing permanent flow and 1D primary densification problems. Finite difference method for progressing the approximate solution in time: explicit and implicit algorithms. 
  • Formulation of quadrilateral 2D finite elements (bilinear, quadratic, cubic). Numerical quadrature. 
  • Analysis of 2D stress problems, confined permanent flow, primary densification. Modeling, mesh generation, interpretation of results.
  • Finite interface elements for soil-structure interaction problems. Formulation of structural finite elements.
  • Methods for solving nonlinear problems (Newton-Raphson schemes, Modified Newton-Raphson, arc length). Constitutive models for nonlinear analyses.
  • Analysis of nonlinear stress problems. Permanent unconfined flow. Stability of soil slopes. Applications in computer programs.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

POTTS, DM and ZDRAVKOVIC, L. Finite Element Analysis in Geotechnical Engineering: Theory and Application, v. 1 and 2, Thomas Telford Ltd., 1999; ZIENKIEWICZ, OC, TAYLOR, RL and ZHU, JZ The Finite Element Method – Its Basis and Fundamentals, Butterworth-Heinemann, 7th edition, 756p., 2013; LI, G. Introduction to the Finite Element Method and Implementation with MATLAB, Cambridge University Press, 522p., 2020; COOK, R.D.; MALKUS, DS and PLESHA, ME Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis, 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 719p., 2001; DESAI, CS and KUNDU. T. Introductory Finite Element Method, CRC Press, 495p., 2001; HUGHES, T.J.R. The Finite Element Method: Linear Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analysis, Dover Publications, 2012.

Code: CIV2557 | credits: 3

Menus

Introduction to particle computational methods. Discrete Element Methods: introduction, law of element motion, contact models, search for contacts, boundary conditions, generation of the initial configuration, computational implementation, steps for executing the simulation, interpretation of results (relationship between microscale variables and macroscale). Material Point Method: introduction, discretization of the material point, formulation, boundary conditions, generation of material points, computational implementation.

Konsulta'm

  • Introduction to particle computational methods
  • Introduction to the discrete element method (MED)
  • Numerical solution of the law of motion
  • Types of contact models: no cohesion
  • Types of contact models: with cohesion
  • Contact search algorithms
  • Steps for running a simulation with MED
  • Numerical implementation of MED
  • Other types of particles: clumps and polygonal blocks
  • Contact in polygonal blocks and contact models for blocks
  • Introduction to the Material Point Method (MPM)
  • Numerical implementation of MPM

REFERENCES

PÖSCHEL, T.; SCHWAGER, T. Computational Granular Dynamics: Models and Algorithms, Springer-Verlag, 322p., 2005; O'SULLIVAN, C. Particulate Discrete Element Modeling: a Geomechanics Perspective, CRC Press, 576p., 2017; ZHANG, X; CHEN, Z.; LIU, Y. The Material Point Method, Academic Press, 300p., 2017; POTYONDY, DO; CUNDALL, PA, TA Bonded-Particle Model for Rock. International Journal Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, v.41, n.8, pp.1329-1364, 2004; SULSKY, D., CHEN, Z., SCHREYER, H.L. A particle method for history-dependent materials, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, v.118, pp.179-796, 1994; MAS IVARS, D.; PIERCE, ME; DARCEL, C.; REYES-MONTES, J.; POTYONDY, DO; YOUNG, R.P.; CUNDALL, PA The Synthetic Rock Mass Approach for Jointed Rock Mass Modeling, International Journal Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, v.48, n.2, pp. 219-244, 2011.

Code: CIV2540 | credits: 2

Menus 

Analysis of stresses and deformations. Invariants and Mohr's circle. Linear elastic model: isotropic and anisotropic. Theory of linear elasticity. Formulation of problems in elasticity. Applications to geotechnical engineering problems. Rupture criteria. 
 
Konsulta'm
  • Stress analysis: definition, stress state, planes and principal stresses. Tension balance. 3D Mohr circle. Haig-Westergaard space.
  • Deformation analysis: small deformations. Deformation – displacement relationships. Deformation compatibility.
  • Ideal elastic material: definitions. Stress – deformation relationship: general concepts; isotropic elastic materials. Interpretation of essays.
  • Stress – strain relationship: anisotropic elastic materials. Determination of parameters in transversely anisotropic media.
  • Formulation of problems in elasticity. Boundary conditions. Flat state of stress and deformation. Solutions in terms of tensions and in terms of displacements.
  • Application of elasticity theory in Geotechnics. Undrained loading. Poro-elastic problem.
    Rupture criteria. Influence of intermediate principal stress.
     
    REFERENCES
     
    CHOU, P. & PAGANO, N. Elasticity —Tensor Dyadic, and Engineering Approaches, Dover Publ., Inc., 290p., 1992; WANG, H.F. Theory of Linear Poroelasticity with Applications to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology, Princeton University Press, 204p., 2000; DESAI, CS & SIRIWARDANE, HJ Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials with Emphasis on Geologic Materials, Prentice Hall, Inc., 468p., 1984.

Code: CIV2547 | credits: 2

Menus

Introduction to indexical notation with summation convention. State of tension at the point. State of deformation at the point. Elastic, hyperelastic and hypoelastic constitutive models. Hyperbolic model. Introduction to plasticity theory. Isotropic hardening. Flow laws. Postulates of stability and aspects of instability in soils. Traditional elastoplastic models: Tresca, Von Mises, Mohr-Coulomb, Drucker-Prager. Modifications to the Mohr-Coulomb model: Lade & Duncan model and Matsuoka & Nakai model. Critical state concepts. Critical state model for clays: Modified Cam Clay. Cap Models. HSM Model – Hardening Soil Model. Single hardening surface model (Lade & Kim model). Models for soft soils (Soft Soil and Soil Soil Creep). Barcelona Basic Model for partially saturated soils. Hoek-Brown model for rock masses. Critical state model for sands: Nor-Sand model. Numerical implementation. Exercises.

Konsulta'm

  • Introduction to indexical notation with summation convention.
  • The state of stress at the point – main stresses and directions; deviation voltages; octahedral tensions; geometric representation of the stress state; sets of stress invariants; Mohr's circle in 2D and 3D stress states.
  • The state of deformation at the point; Lagrange, Euler and Cauchy strain tensors; small rotation tensioner; deformations and main directions; deviation deformations; octahedral deformations; compatibility equations.
  • Linear and nonlinear elastic models. Hyper and hypoelastic models. Hyperbolic model. Unloading, unloading and reloading criteria. Advantages and limitations of elastic and hypoelastic models.
  • Introduction to plasticity theory. Flow and rupture. Elasto-perfectly plastic materials and materials with elastoplastic hardening. Elastic and plastic deformation increments. Flow and plastic potential functions. General law of plastic flow. General procedure for obtaining the constitutive relationship. Postulates of stability and aspects of instability in soils.
  • Elasto-perfectly plastic models. Tresca model. Von Mises model. Mohr-Coulomb model. Drucker-Prager model. Modifications to the Mohr-Coulomb model: maximum traction criterion, Duncan – Lade model, Matsuoka – Nakai model.
  • Critical state concepts for saturated clays. Roscoe surface. Hvorslev surface. Ultimate state in heavily PA clay. Cam Clay model and Modified Cam Clay model. Hardening law. Increase in elastic and plastic deformations. Undrained formulation. Applications of the Modified Cam Clay model.
  • HSM Model – Hardening Soil Model. Stiffness dependent on stress level. Double plastic drainage surface. Flow laws. Model parameters and experimental determination. Advantages of HSM over the classical Mohr-Coulomb model.
  • Model with single constitutive surface (Lade & Kim model). Rupture criterion. Plastic flow function. Plastic potential function. Flow law. Plastic hardening and softening law. Experimental determination of model parameters. Incremental formulation. Numerical implementation.
  • Constitutive models for soft soils (Soft Soil & Soft Soil Creep). Flow functions. Flow law. Model parameters. The concept of the abc isotock. Incremental formulation. Creep deformations. Breakdown condition.
  • Barcelona Basic Model. LC and SI flow surfaces. Plastic hardening laws. Plastic deformation increments. Experimental determination of model parameters.
  • Hoek-Brown model for rock masses. Evolution of the empirical model. Generalized criterion. Formulation by plasticity theory. Parameters and determination. Advantages and limitations.
  • Critical state model for sands (Nor-Sand model). Critical state concepts for granular soils. State parameter. Critical state line (CSL) and isotropic consolidation lines (NCL). Drain surface. Flow law. Hardening law. Model parameters. Experimental determination. Numerical implementation. Applications.

REFERENCES

YU, H.-S. Plasticity and Geotechnics, Springer, 2006, 522p.; POTTS, DM AND ZDRAVKOVIC, L. Finite element analysis in geotechnical engineering: theory, Thomas Telford, 1999, 440p.; JEFFERIES, M.; BEEN, K. Soil Liquefaction – A Critical State Approach, CRC Press, Second Edition, 2016, 690p.; BRIAUD, J.L. Geotechnical Engineering: Unsaturated and Saturated Soils, John Wiley & Sons, 2013, 998p.; DESAI, CS and SIRIWARDANE, HJ Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials, with Emphasis on Geologic Materials, Prentice-Hall, 1984.; DAVIS, RO and SELVADURAI, APS Plasticity and Geomechanics, Cambridge University Press, 2002, 287p.; FREDLUND, DG; RAHARDJO, H. and FREDLUND, M.D. Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 2012, 926p.; LADE, PV Soil constitutive models: evaluation, selection and calibration, Geotechnical Special Publication 128, 2005.; MASE, GT and MASE, GE Continuum Mechanics for Engineers, CRC Press, 2nd edition, 1999, 380p.; MATSUOKA, H. and SUN, D. The SMP concept-based 3D constitutive models for geomaterials, Taylor & Francis, 2006, 136p.; PIETRUSZCZAK, S. Fundamentals of plasticity in geomechanics, CRC Press, 2010, 196p.; WOOD, D.M. Soil Behavior and Critical State Soil Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, 1990, 462p.

Code: CIV2574 | credits: 2

Menus

Cases of geotechnical works in which an event not foreseen in the project occurred and the measures taken to minimize damages and consequences are presented and discussed.

Konsulta'm

  • Santa Helena Dam rupture;
  • UENF Veterinary Hospital; 
  • Açu Dam rupture; 
  • PCH with insufficient shielding of the adductor tunnel; 
  • PCH with cracks in the Power House; 
  • Forklift on mass movement; 
  • Pipeline rupture in colluvial tongue; 
  • Poorly designed gabion spillway

REFERENCES

Sandroni, S.S. Geotechnical aspects of a dam failure during construction, Brazilian Congress of Soil Mechanics, 1986; Sandroni, S.S. About the Brazilian practice of geotechnical design of road embankments on land with very soft soils, XIII Brazilian Congress of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Curitiba, 2006; Sandroni, S.S. Displacement caused by crushed stone columns installed by vibro-replacement, XVI Brazilian Congress of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Porto de Galinhas, PE, 2012 

Code: CIV2575 | credits: 2

Menus

The subject Special Topics in Geotechnics does not have a pre-defined syllabus, as it aims to provide an opportunity to delve deeper into topics linked to research lines and projects not covered in regular subjects.

Code: CIV2576/79 | credits: 3

Menus

The subject Special Topics in Geotechnics does not have a pre-defined syllabus, as it aims to provide an opportunity to delve deeper into topics linked to research lines and projects not covered in regular subjects.

Code: CIV2572/75 | credits: 2

Menus 

The subject Special Topics in Geotechnics does not have a pre-defined syllabus, as it aims to provide an opportunity to delve deeper into topics linked to research lines and projects not covered in regular subjects.

Code: CIV2570/71 | credits: 1

Menus

 The subject Special Topics in Geotechnics does not have a pre-defined syllabus, as it aims to provide an opportunity to delve deeper into topics linked to research lines and projects not covered in regular subjects.

Mandatory Disciplines

Code: CIV3030 | credits: 1

Undergraduate teaching activity, mandatory for all doctoral students, scholarship holders and non-scholarship holders, with a maximum workload of 4 hours per week. The minimum duration of the internship is two semesters (CIV3030 and CIV3031), generally carried out under the supervision of the professor-advisor. The higher education teacher who proves to have carried out such activities will be exempt from the teaching internship. The undergraduate teaching internship subjects must be compatible with the student's training and research area.

Code: CIV3031 | credits: 0

Undergraduate teaching activity, mandatory for all doctoral students, scholarship holders and non-scholarship holders, with a maximum workload of 4 hours per week. The minimum duration of the internship is two semesters (CIV3030 and CIV3031), generally carried out under the supervision of the professor-advisor. The higher education teacher who proves to have carried out such activities will be exempt from the teaching internship. The undergraduate teaching internship subjects must be compatible with the student's training and research area.

Code: LET3106 | credits: 0

The exam consists of composing a technical text on a proposed topic, without the aid of a dictionary, to assess the student's written ability in English. Alternatively, the student can present a certificate of a complete English course at an advanced level, or the following proof: TOEFL/IBT – minimum of 71 points valid for 2 years; TOEFL/ITP – minimum of 527 points valid for 2 years; IELTS Academic – grade 6 (with a minimum grade of 5 in listening, reading, writing, speaking) valid for 2 years; CAMBRIGDE EXAM – CAE or FCE – B2 without expiry date.

Code: CIV3007 | credits: 0

Oral examination with the objective of evaluating the relevance, originality and contribution of the research to the expansion of scientific knowledge, as well as verifying the feasibility of its execution in relation to the available infrastructure and time required to be completed. The exam is carried out before an Examining Board made up of at least three professors accredited by the Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering, including the supervisor. The composition of the Examining Board must be previously approved by the Postgraduate Committee.

The student must present to the members of the Examining Board a document on the thesis topic, in the PUC-Rio theses and dissertations presentation format, highlighting the following aspects: introduction, objectives, relevance, description of the state of the art in the proposed topic, methodology, obtained and expected results, the scientific contribution and originality of the research, as well as bibliographic references and the schedule of activities within the regular duration of the course.

In case of failure, the student may make a single resubmission of the thesis proposal within a maximum period of four months after the date of the first exam.

Code: CIV3004 | credits: 0

Oral exam with the aim of evaluating the candidate's maturity and scientific knowledge to carry out research in a rigorous and independent manner. The exam is carried out before an Examining Board, proposed by the future supervisor, made up of at least three professors accredited by the Postgraduate Program (PPG) in Civil Engineering, including the supervisor. If a co-supervisor participates in the Examining Board, this will not be considered for the purpose of completing the minimum number of components. The composition of the Examining Board must be previously approved by the Postgraduate Committee. In case of failure, the candidate will be removed from the Program.

Code: CIV2531 | credits: 2

Menus

Structure and dynamics of the Earth; mineralogy and its relationship with Geotechnics; igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks and their relationship with Geotechnics; geological structures – tectonic faults and folds, tectonic and relief fractures, and the relationship with Geotechnics; Weathering and sedimentation profiles – alteration and alterability, residual soils and transported soils; surface and groundwater; disastrous geodynamic processes; geotechnical investigation.

REFERENCES

Brazilian Association of Engineering Geology. Engineering and Environmental Geology, ABGE, 912p., 2018; Guerra, AJT; Cunha, S.B.  Geomorphology and Environment, third edition, Bertrand do Brasil, 396 p., 2000; Carson, MA; Kirkby, M.J. Hillslope Form and Processes, Cambridge University Press, 484p., 2009; Pollard, D.D.; Fletcher, R.C. Fundamentals of Structural Geology, Cambridge University Press, 514p., 2005; John Huggett, R.J. Fundamentals of Geomorphology, 4th edition, Routledge, 578p., 2016.

Code: CIV2520 | credits: 2

Menus

Engineering problems in rocky environments in the areas of civil, mining and petroleum engineering. The nature of rocks and properties index. Resistance of intact rocks. Discontinuities in rock masses. Stereographic projections. Resistance of discontinuities and rock masses. Deformability of rock masses. Hydraulic properties of rock masses. In-situ stresses in rock masses.

REFERENCES

GOODMAN, RE Introduction to Rock Mechanics, Wiley, 1989; JAEGER, JC, and COOK, NGW, Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics, Science Paperback, 1976; ZHANG, L. Engineering Properties of Rocks. Elsevier, 2017; HUDSON, JA, HARRISON, J.P. Engineering Rock Mechanics, Pergamon Press, 1997; FRANKLIN, JA and DUSSEAULT, MB, Rock Engineering, McGraw-Hill, 1989.

Code: CIV2530 | credits: 4

Menus

1D permanent flow. 2D permanent flow. Flow networks. Anisotropic soils. Finite difference solution, Monte Carlo method, fragment method, physical models. 1D primary densification. Solution for engineering cases. Instant and time-dependent charging. Determination of geotechnical parameters. Primary compaction and secondary compression settlement. Vertical drains, pre-loading. 3D theory of primary densification. Temporary lowering of the water table. Sizing of filters and drains. Undrained application in saturated soils. Shear strength criterion. Laboratory and field tests. Stress trajectories. Stress x deformation x resistance behavior of sands and clays. Instrumentation. Critical state theory.

Konsulta'm

  • 1D permanent flow. Darcy's Law. Load concepts. Permeability coefficient
  • Capillarity. Effective voltage in permanent flow. Body forces. Safety factors. Laboratory and field trials
  • 2D steady flow equations. Cauchy-Riemann equations
  • Flow networks. Anisotropic soils. Transfer conditions
  • Finite difference solution. Monte Carlo method
  • Solution using the fragment method. Physical models
  • 1D primary densification. Solution for engineering cases
  • Time-dependent charging
  • Determination of parameters in the laboratory
  • Primary compaction and secondary compression settlement
  • Vertical drains. Preload
  • 3D theory of primary densification
  • Temporary lowering of the water table
  • Sizing of filters and drains
  • Stress x deformation x resistance behavior of sands and clays
  • Laboratory and field shear tests; sampling
  • CD, CU, UU triaxial tests
  • Undrained strength of clays
  • Stress trajectories
  • Short- and long-term behavior of saturated clays
  • Geotechnical instrumentation
  • Special laboratory tests
  • Critical state theory

REFERENCES

CEDERGREN, HR Seepage, Drainage and Flownets, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 496p., 1997; HARR, ME Groundwater and Seepage, Dover Publications, 336p., 2011; LAMBE, TW and WHITMAN, RV Soil Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, 576p., 1991; ALONSO, UR Temporary Lowering of Aquifers, Tenogeo / Geofix, 131p., 1999; LADE, PV Triaxial Testing of Soils, Wiley-Blackwell, 500p., 2016; NAPPET, J. and CRAIG, R.F. Craig Soil Mechanics, 8th edition, LTC publisher, 419p., 2014; REDDI, L.N. Seepage in Soils: Principles and Applications, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 402p., 2003; SCHNAID, F. and ODEBRECHT, E. Field Tests and Applications to Foundation Engineering, 2nd Edition, Editora Oficina Textos, 224p., 2012.

Code: CIV2540 | credits: 2

Menus 

Analysis of stresses and deformations. Invariants and Mohr's circle. Linear elastic model: isotropic and anisotropic. Theory of linear elasticity. Formulation of problems in elasticity. Applications to geotechnical engineering problems. Rupture criteria. 
 
Konsulta'm
  • Stress analysis: definition, stress state, planes and principal stresses. Tension balance. 3D Mohr circle. Haig-Westergaard space.
  • Deformation analysis: small deformations. Deformation – displacement relationships. Deformation compatibility.
  • Ideal elastic material: definitions. Stress – deformation relationship: general concepts; isotropic elastic materials. Interpretation of essays.
  • Stress – strain relationship: anisotropic elastic materials. Determination of parameters in transversely anisotropic media.
  • Formulation of problems in elasticity. Boundary conditions. Flat state of stress and deformation. Solutions in terms of tensions and in terms of displacements.
  • Application of elasticity theory in Geotechnics. Undrained loading. Poro-elastic problem.
    Rupture criteria. Influence of intermediate principal stress.
     
    REFERENCES
     
    CHOU, P. & PAGANO, N. Elasticity —Tensor Dyadic, and Engineering Approaches, Dover Publ., Inc., 290p., 1992; WANG, H.F. Theory of Linear Poroelasticity with Applications to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology, Princeton University Press, 204p., 2000; DESAI, CS & SIRIWARDANE, HJ Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials with Emphasis on Geologic Materials, Prentice Hall, Inc., 468p., 1984.

Code: CIV3010 | credits: 0

Submit to the Postgraduate Coordination a copy of a complete technical article, approved by the supervising professor and referring to the doctoral thesis, accepted for publication in a journal considered to be at level B2 or higher in the area of ​​Engineering I at Qualis/Capes (quadriennium 2013 – 2016 ).

Code: CIV2563 | credits: 0

Cycle of weekly lectures to disseminate and update scientific and technological advances in the area of ​​Geotechnics. The topics of the lectures are varied, covering different lines of PPG research, presented by specially invited professionals and researchers.

Code: CIV2564 | credits: 0

Cycle of weekly lectures to disseminate and update scientific and technological advances in the area of ​​Geotechnics. The topics of the lectures are varied, covering different lines of PPG research, presented by specially invited professionals and researchers.

Code: CIV3001 | credits: 0

Oral defense of the original research developed in the doctoral thesis, before an Examining Board made up of at least 5 (five) examiners with a doctorate degree, at least 2 (two) of them outside the PUC-Rio staff. If a co-supervisor participates in the Examining Board, this will not be considered for the purpose of completing the minimum number of components. The opinion of the Examining Board must be one of the following:

a) approved doctoral thesis;

b) approved doctoral thesis, suggesting the incorporation, in the final version, of observations made by the examiners;

c) final approval of the doctoral thesis subject to compliance with the requirements made by the examiners;

d) failed doctoral thesis.

In the opinion a) ou b) the final version of the thesis must be delivered by the student within a maximum period of one month after the defense; in the opinion c) The delivery deadline is determined by the Examining Board and cannot exceed six months after the defense date.

Elective courses

Code: CIV2518 | credits: 2

Menus

Types of dams. Typical sections. Factors influencing the project. Geotechnical investigations in the foundation and borrow areas. Percolation through the massif and foundation. Analysis of pore pressures and drainage devices. Stability analysis: end of construction, permanent flow and rapid drawdown. Stress – strain analysis. Tailings dams. Construction techniques and construction control. Historical cases. 

REFERENCES

Massad, F. Earthworks, second edition, Editora Oficina Textos, 216p., 2010; Cruz, PT 100 Brazilian Dams, Editora Oficina Textos, second edition, 648p., 2004; USBR. Design of Small Dams, Interior Department Bureau of Reclamation, 2015; Jansen, R.B. Advanced Dam Engineering for Design, Construction & Rehabilitation, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 2011; Fell, R.; MacGregor, P.; Stapledon, D; Bell, G. Foster, M.  Geotechnical Engineering of Dams, CRC Press, 1382p., 2018; CBDB. The History of Dams in Brazil – XNUMXth, XNUMXth and XNUMXst centuries, National Book Editors Union, 524p., 2011.

Code: CIV2535 | credits: 3

Menus

Vibration theory of elementary systems: free and forced vibration, viscous, Rayleigh and hysteretic damping. Resonance frequency. Theory of wave propagation in elastic media: equation of motion, types of waves, reflection and transmission of waves. Behavior of sandy and clayey soils under cyclic loading. Constitutive models (equivalent linear model, cyclic nonlinear models, elastoplastic models). Behavior of surface foundations under vertical, horizontal, torsional, rocking and coupled excitation. Behavior of piles and pile groups under vertical, horizontal, torsional, rocking and coupled excitation. Seismic threat analysis. Seismic risk analysis. Project earthquake generation. Seismic amplification concepts. Site effects. Behavior of slopes under seismic loading. Dynamic and static liquefaction. Determination of geotechnical parameters in soil behavior models.

Konsulta'm

Vibration of a system with one degree of freedom. Free vibration with and without damping. Forced vibration with and without damping. Resonance frequency. Types of damping: viscous, Rayleigh and hysteretic.

Theory of wave propagation in elastic media. Helmholtz decomposition. Equation of motion. SH, SV and P plane waves. Rayleigh waves. Reflection and transmission of waves in homogeneous and stratified media. Determination of stresses, deformations and displacements in elastic media. Lamb's problem.

Behavior of shallow foundations on the surface of elastic media under vertical, horizontal, torsion, rocking and coupled cyclic loading. Solutions using the theory of elasticity and analogies of Lysmer and Hall. Buried foundations. Strata foundations.

Behavior of piles and groups of piles in elastic media under vertical, horizontal, torsion, rocking and coupled cyclic loading. Block influence and interaction between piles.

Cyclic behavior of soils. Field and laboratory tests. Stress x strain behavior models: equivalent linear, cyclic models, elastoplastic models. Hysteretic and Rayleigh damping.

Introduction to earthquake engineering. Seismic threat analysis. Seismic risk analysis.

Seismic behavior of slopes. Pseudo-static method. Seismic coefficient. Newmark's rigid block analogy. Makdisi and Seed decoupled method. Bray and Travasarou coupled method. Post-earthquake analysis.

Seismic amplification concepts. Amplification in seismic codes. Site effects. Frequency domain and time domain approach. Methods for design earthquake selection and adjustment. Equations for predicting ground motion (GMPE – Ground Motion Prediction Equations). Amplification in soft soil deposits.

Laboratory seismic tests: piezoelectric transducers, resonance column. Field seismic tests: crosshole tests, crosshole test with seismic tomography, downhole test, seismic pizocone, tests with surface waves: test with permanent R waves, continuous test with surface waves, spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW – Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves), wave reflection and refraction tests.

Soil liquefaction. Flow by liquefaction, cyclic softening. The concept of permanent state. Susceptibility to liquefaction. Beginning of liquefaction potential. Cyclic stress ratio CSR. CRR cyclic resistance ratio. Safety factor against liquefaction flow determined in a deterministic and probabilistic formulation based on SPT, CPT and S-wave propagation tests. Post-liquefaction resistance. Mitigation of the threat of liquefaction.

REFERENCES

JEFFERIES, M. and BEEN, K. Soil Liquefaction: A Critical State Approach, CRC Press, 712p., 2016; KRAMER, S.L. Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Pearson, 672p. 2007; VERRUIJT, A. An Introduction to Soil Dynamics, Springer, 448p., 2012; ACHENBACH, J.D. Wave Propagation in Elastic Solids, North-Holland, 1984; DAS, BM and RAMANA, GV Principles of Soil Dynamics, Second Edition, Cengage Learning, 673p., 2011; WOLF, J.P. Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction, Prentice-Hall, 466p., 1985; WOLF, J.P. Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis in Time Domain, Prentice-Hall, 446p., 1988.

Code: CIV2519 | credits: 3

Menus

Earth mass movements. Slope stability analysis methods. Limit equilibrium: circular and non-circular sliding surfaces. Slope stability. Unconventional aspects of stability analysis. Active, passive and resting thrust. Rankine and Coulomb theories. Retaining walls and curtains. Cable-and-bolted structures. Design aspects of slope and excavation containment structures.

Konsulta'm

  • Review of the stress-strain-resistance behavior of soils, with emphasis on residual soils;
  • Objectives of stability analysis: causes of instability;
  • Types of gravitational mass movements: classifications;
  • Types of analysis and the concept of security;
  • Analysis in terms of total tensions;
  • Analysis in terms of effective tensions;
  • Discussion of limit equilibrium methods;
  • Unconventional aspects of analysis;
  • Failure mechanisms on unsaturated slopes;
  • Slope instrumentation;
  • Buoyancy coefficient at rest;
  • Buoyancy: Rankine and Coulomb theories;
  • Slope stabilization techniques;
  • Techniques for stabilizing cuts and excavations.

REFERENCES

DUNCAN, JM and WRIGHT, SG Soil Strength and Slope Stability, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 293p., 2005; CHENG, YM and LAU, CK Slope Stability Analysis and Stabilization: New Methods and Insight, Routledge – Taylor & Francis, 241p., 2017; CLAYTON CRJ, WOODS, RI, BOND, AJ and MILITITSKY, J. Earth Pressure and Earth-Retaining Structures, 3rd Edition, CRC Press, 2014, 574p; BROMHEAD, EN The Stability of Slopes, Taylor and Francis e-Library, 406p., 2005; MORGAN, RPC and RICKSON, RJ Slope Stabilization and Erosion Control: a Bioengineering Approach, E&FN Spon – Chapman & Hall, 293p., 2005; BOWLES, J.E. Foundation Analysis and Design, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill Inc, 1024p, 1995; CHOWDHURY, R.N. Slope Analysis: Developments in Geotechnical Engineering Vol 22, Elsevier Pub. Co, 423 p., 1978; Selected technical articles.

Code: CIV2537 | credits: 2

Menus

Basic notions of metrology. Permeability tests in a rigid wall permeameter under constant load and under variable load and in a flexible wall permeameter. Incremental loading and controlled deformation loading (CRS) oedometric densification tests. Direct shear test. Simple shear test (DSS). UU, CU and CD triaxial tests, isotropic (hydrostatic), anisotropic and K0 densification, controlled deformation and controlled tension, compression and extension loads. 

REFERENCES

Germaine, JT & Germaine, AV Geotechnical Laboratory Measurements for Engineers, Wiley, 2009; Head, KH & Epps, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 2: Permeability, Shear Strength and Compressibility Tests, third edition, Whittles Publishing, 2011; Head, KH & Epps, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 3: Effective Stress Tests, third edition, Whittles Publishing, 2014; Albertazzi, A. & Souza, AR Fundamentals of Scientific and Industrial Metrology, second edition, Editora Manole Ltda, 2018; Head, K.H. Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 1: Soil Classification and Compaction Tests, third edition, Whittles Publishing, 2006; Vickers, B. Laboratory Work in Soil Mechanics, second edition, Granada Publishing, 1983.

Code: CIV3012 | credits: 3

Menus

This discipline with a variable syllabus aims to allow doctoral students the opportunity to carry out advanced studies on an individual basis on topics related to their research project, especially in cases where the regular disciplines offered by the Program do not include subjects of direct interest so that the student develops their research. The student must present to the Postgraduate Coordination the detailed syllabus of the discipline, related to their doctoral research, at the time of registration. At the end of the academic semester, on the end date of school activities established by the University, the research report carried out will be presented, with the degree awarded by the supervising professor, for due approval by the Postgraduate Committee. Doctoral students may enroll in only one Doctoral Oriented Study course (CIV3012, CIV3013, CIV3014) per semester.
 
REFERENCES
 
Variable according to the doctoral student's research topic.

Code: CIV3013 | credits: 3

Menus

This discipline with a variable syllabus aims to allow doctoral students the opportunity to carry out advanced studies on an individual basis on topics related to their research project, especially in cases where the regular disciplines offered by the Program do not include subjects of direct interest so that the student develops their research. The student must present to the Postgraduate Coordination the detailed syllabus of the discipline, related to their doctoral research, at the time of registration. At the end of the academic semester, on the end date of school activities established by the University, the research report carried out will be presented, with the degree awarded by the supervising professor, for due approval by the Postgraduate Committee. Doctoral students may enroll in only one Doctoral Oriented Study course (CIV3012, CIV3013, CIV3014) per semester.
 
REFERENCES
 
Variable according to the doctoral student's research topic.

Code: CIV3014 | credits: 3

Menus

This discipline with a variable syllabus aims to allow doctoral students the opportunity to carry out advanced studies on an individual basis on topics related to their research project, especially in cases where the regular disciplines offered by the Program do not include subjects of direct interest so that the student develops their research. The student must present to the Postgraduate Coordination the detailed syllabus of the discipline, related to their doctoral research, at the time of registration. At the end of the academic semester, on the end date of school activities established by the University, the research report carried out will be presented, with the degree awarded by the supervising professor, for due approval by the Postgraduate Committee. Doctoral students may enroll in only one Doctoral Oriented Study course (CIV3012, CIV3013, CIV3014) per semester.
 
REFERENCES
 
Variable according to the doctoral student's research topic.

Code: CIV2517 | credits: 3

Menus

Introduction: geotechnical behavior of foundations. Methods for evaluating total, initial settlement and consolidation of superficial and deep foundations (isolated and in groups). Methods based on the theory of linear elasticity. Approximate numerical methods. Empirical methods. Methods for assessing the bearing capacity of shallow and deep foundations. Limit balance; drain lines; limit analysis; cavity expansion. Dynamic formulation and applications of the wave equation. Assessment of the behavior of laterally loaded piles. Analysis of experimental results. Plate load test. Static and dynamic load tests on piles.

Konsulta'm

Types of foundation, geotechnical behavior.

Estimation of immediate, total settlement and consolidation of superficial and deep foundations.

Methods based on the theory of linear elasticity, numerical and empirical methods

Bearing capacity of shallow and deep foundations

Methods based on limit equilibrium, limit analysis, yield lines and cavity expansion

Side loaded piles

Analysis and discussion of experimentally obtained results: load tests on plates, static and dynamic load tests on piles.

REFERENCES

POULOS, HG and DAVIES, EH Elastic Solutions for Soil and Rock Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, 1973; POULOS, HG and DAVIS, EH Pile Foundation Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 1980; FANG, H.Y. Foundation Engineering Handbook, 2nd edition, Springer, 1990; DAY, R. Foundation Engineering Handbook, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill, 2010; BOWLES, J.E. Foundation Analysis and Design, 5th edition, McGraw-Hill, 2001; SCHNAID, F. and ODEBRECHT, E. Field Tests and Applications to Foundation Engineering, 2nd Edition, Editora Oficina Textos, 224p., 2012; CINTRA, JCA, AOKI, N., TSUHA, CHC and GIACHETI, HL Foundations: static and dynamic tests, Oficina de Textos, 2013; ABNT NBR 13208. Piles – Dynamic loading test, 2007; ABNT NBR 6489. Soil – Static load test on direct foundation, 2019.

Code: CIV2516 | credits: 3

Menus

Relationship of engineering geology with other disciplines in Geotechnics; characterization of natural and artificial masses – soil classification and weathering profiles, classification of rock masses, geotechnical cartography at different scales; geotechnical investigation – aerial photos and images, geophysical investigations, direct underground surveys, geotechnical mapping, instrumentation and GIS; external geodynamic processes – wind, pluvial, coastal, glacial and river erosion, landslides – causes, types and geological conditions; stability of natural and artificial slopes – description of causes and solutions, flow and stability analyses, containment and drainage solutions; rocks, soils and waste as construction materials – applications and classification, geological conditions, case studies; engineering geology of excavations and mining – applications and classification, geological conditions, cases studied; engineering geology of dams and tunnels – applications and classification, geological constraints, cases studied; engineering geology of linear works – highways, pipelines, transmission lines, canals and waterways – applications and classification, geological conditions, cases studied.

REFERENCES

Brazilian Association of Engineering Geology. Engineering and Environmental Geology, ABGE, 912p., 2018; Chiossi, N.M. Geology Applied to Engineering, Editora USP, São Paulo, 429 p., 1979; Guidicini, G.; Nieble, CM. Stability of Natural and Excavation Slopes, second edition, Blucher, 216p., 1984; Johnson, R.B.; DeGraff, J.V. Principles of Engineering Geology, Wiley, 497p., 1991; Dearman, R. Engineering Geological Mapping, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2013.

Code: CIV2545 | credits: 3

Menus

Origin of petroleum and sedimentary basins. Description of sedimentary rocks and their mechanical properties. Correlations with seismic and logging data. In situ stresses and fluid pressure in sedimentary basins. Stresses around wells. Well stability. Rupture during production: production of solids. Hydraulic fracturing. Reservoir compaction and subsidence. Geological-geomechanical modeling.

Konsulta'm

Introduction and importance of rock mechanics in petroleum engineering.

Characterization of sedimentary rocks: methods and tests.

Mechanical properties of sedimentary rocks: sandstones, shales, carbonates and evaporites. Laboratory tests and field estimation.

In situ stresses: evaluation through field tests. Influence of the fault regime. Examples.

Fluid pressure inside the Earth's crust: normal pressure and over-pressurized areas. Forecasting methods and examples.

Well stability analysis: well construction, stresses around wells, stability prediction methods, allowable pressure window. Examples.

Coating loading: formation creep, numerical analysis. Examples.

Rupture during production: solids production, prediction methods. Examples.

Compaction and subsidence: effect of production on deformations around the reservoir. Influence on production. Examples.

Hydraulic fracturing: importance, fracturing operation and methods for sizing the fracture. Examples.

Geological-geomechanical modeling: description of the rock mass modeling steps. Use in drilling. Examples.

REFERENCES

FJAER, E., HOLT, RM, HORSRUD, P., RAAEN, AM & RISNES, R. Petroleum Related Rock Mechanics, 2nd edition, Elsevier, 2008; ZOBACK, M. Reservoir Geomechanics, Cambridge University Press, 461p., 2010; THOMAS, J.E. Fundamentals of Petroleum Engineering, second edition, Editora Interciência, 272p., 2004.

Code: CIV2543 | credits: 3

Menus

Geotechnics and environmental damage: general aspects. Susceptibility and risk maps. Natural movements of solid mass: erosion, subsidence, slope instability. Waste and rejects: characterization and classification. Sanitary and industrial landfills. Sludge disposal: sedimentation and densification. Transport of contaminants. Sampling and testing. Geotechnics and environmental damage: general aspects. Susceptibility and risk maps. Natural movements of solid mass: erosion, subsidence, slope instability. Understanding groundwater hydrology. Geo-environmental investigation. Geo-environmental monitoring. Remediation of impacted areas. Degraded areas: assessment, monitoring and recovery techniques. Tailings dams.

Konsulta'm

Geotechnics and environmental damage

Susceptibility and risk maps

Risk identification and mapping

Risk mapping

Erosion

Geoenvironmental investigation

Remediation of impacted areas

Tailings dams

Recovery of degraded areas

REFERENCES

Rowe, R.K. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Handbook. Springer, NY, 2012; Sarsby, R.W. Environmental Geotechnics, ICE Publishing, London, 2013; Yong. RN Sustainable Practices in Geoenvironmental Engineering. CRC Press. FL, 2017; Brassington, R. Field Hydrogeology (Geological Field Guide), 4th edition, Wiley-Blackwell, NJ, 2017; Fell, R., Corominas, J., Bonnard, C., Cascini, L., Leroi, E., and Savage, W. Guidelines for landslide susceptibility, hazard and risk zoning for land use planning. Oficina de Textos, SP, 2013; Moore, J.E. Field Hydrogeology: A Guide for Site Investigations and Report Preparation. CRC Press. FL, 2002.

Code: CIV2555 | credits: 3

Menus

Introduction to solid waste disposal landfills. Criteria for selecting areas for landfills. Considerations on the conceptual design. Waterproofing systems. Slurry collection systems. Settlements in the foundation and in the waste mass. Construction. Operation. Coverage systems. Erosion control.

Konsulta'm

Overview of solid waste

Introduction to solid waste disposal geotechnics

Introduction to Landfills

Selection of areas for landfills

Conceptual design

Determination of MSW (municipal solid waste) properties

Waterproofing systems – clay minerals

Waterproofing systems – mineral barriers

Waterproofing systems – geomembranes and bentonite geocomposites

Quantification of leachate generated

Drainage and leachate collection systems

Flow and transport mechanisms

Gas production and collection

REFERENCES

QIAN, X., KOERNER, RM and GRAY, DH Geotechnical Aspects of Landfill Design and Construction, Prentice Hall, NJ, 2001; TOWNSEND, T. G., POWELL, J., JAIN, P., XU, Q., TOLAYMAT, T., and REINHART. D. Sustainable Practices for Landfill Design and Operation, Springer, NY, 2016; KOERNER, R. Designing with Geosynthetics, 5th ed., Prentice-Hall, NJ, 1998; BAGCHI, A. Design, Construction, and Monitoring of Landfills, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 1994; DANIEL, DE Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal, Chapman and Hall, NY, 696p., 1993; MCBEAN, EA, ROVERS, RA, FARQUHAR, GJ Solid Waste Landfill Engineering and Design, Prentice Hall PTR, NJ, 1995; OWEIS, IS, KHERA, RJ Geotechnology of Waste Management, 2nd ed., PWS, Boston, 1998; SHARMA, HD, LEWIS, SP Waste Containment Systems, Waste Stabilization and Landfills: Design and Evaluation, John Wiley, NY, 1994.

Code: CIV2553 | credits: 3

Menus

Brief review of stresses and deformations in soils. Interpretation of the Principle of Effective Tensions and its corollaries. Concept of internal friction in soils and Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. Various stress paths, compression and extension by loading and unloading. Drained versus undrained and contractile versus dilatant behavior of soils in the face of shear. Interpretation of pore pressure parameters. Triaxial tests on UU, CU and CD soils. Study of the stress-strain-resistance behavior of sands and clays based on results of triaxial tests published in classic technical-scientific articles.  

REFERENCES

ASCE Geo-Institute. A History of Progress – Selected US Papers in Geotechnical Engineering, Geotechnical Special Publication nº 118, volumes 1 and 2, edited by W. Allen Marr, 2003; Wesley, L. Professor AW Bishop's Finest Papers – A Commemorative Volume, Whittles Publishing, 2019; Atkinson, JH & Bransby, PL The Mechanics of Soils – An Introduction to Critical State Soil Mechanics. McGraw-Hill, 1978; Head, KH & Epps, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 2: Permeability, Shear Strength and Compressibility Tests, third edition, Whittles Publishing, 2011; Head, KH & Epps, RJ (2014). Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume 3: Effective Stress Tests, third edition. Whittles Publishing, 2014; Henkel, DJ The Effect of Overconsolidation on the Behavior of Clays During Shear. Geotech, 6(4), 139-150, 1956; Lambe, T.W., & Whitman, R.V. Soil Mechanics, SI Version, John Wiley & Sons, 1979; Lee, KL & Seed, HB Drained Strength Characteristics of Sands, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 93(6), 117-141, 1967; Parry, RHG Triaxial Compression and Extension Tests on Remoulded Saturated Clay, Geotech, 10(4), 166-180, 1960; Skempton, AW The Pore-Pressure Coefficients A and B, Geotech, 4(4), 143-147, 1954; Taylor, D.W. Fundamentals of Soil Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, 1948; Terzaghi, K. The Shearing Resistance of Saturated Soils and the Angle between the Planes of Shear. Proc. 1st International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. Cambridge, Massachusetts, v.1, 54-56, 1936.

Code: CIV2546 | credits: 3

EMENTA

Origin and distribution of water and other fluids in geological environments. Engineering problems associated with the movement of fluids in geological media. Basic principles of flow in porous media. Flow in partially saturated porous media. Flow in aquifers and notions of well hydraulics. Understanding multiphase flow. Notions of hydrogeology. Flow in fractured media. Transport of contaminants in porous media. Mechanisms and equations of contaminant transport in porous media. Remediation techniques for contaminated areas. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Freeze, RA, Cherry, JA, Groundwater, Prentice Hall, 604p., 1979; Fitts, C. Groundwater Science, Academic Press, 692p., 2012; Fetter, C. W., Boving, T., Kreamer, D.  Contaminant Hydrogeology, Waveland Press, Inc, third edition, 647p., 2017; Bear, J. Dynamics of Fluid Flow in Porous Media, Dover, 800p., 1988; Bedient, P., Rifai, H., Newell, C., Groundwater Contamination: Transport and Remediation, Pearson College Div., second edition, 604p., 1999.

Code: CIV2554 | credits: 3

Menus

Basic principles of instrumentation. Resistive, inductive, acoustic and electrolytic sensors. Mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical instruments. Detail of laboratory instrumentation: measurements of force, total tension, pore pressure, displacements and volume variation. Detail of field instrumentation: measurements of surface and deep displacements, earth pressure, pore pressure and loads. Instrumentation program planning. Historical cases.
 
Konsulta'm
 
Assessment of uncertainties and errors
 
Instrumentation Principles
 
Laboratory instrumentation: measurements of force, total tension, neutral pressure, displacements and volume variation
 
Field instrumentation: measurements of surface and deep displacements, earth pressure, pore pressure and loads
 
Instrumentation program planning
 
historical cases
 
REFERENCES
 
DeRubertis, K. Monitoring Dam Performance: Instrumentation and Measurements, American Society of Civil Engineers, VA, 2018; Dunnicliff, J. Geotechnical Instrumentation for Monitoring Field Performance, Wiley Interscience, NJ, 2007; Singh, A. Soil Engineering in Theory and Practice :  Geotechnical Testing and Instrumentation, volume 2, 2nd edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt Ltd, India, 2014; Hanna, T.H. Foundation Instrumentation, Trans Tech Publications, Zurich, Switzerland, 1973; Head, K.H. Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing: Volume I, 3rd edition, Whittles Publishing, Dunbeath, UK, 2006; Head, KH, and EPPS, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume II, 3rd edition, Whittles Publishing, Dunbeath, UK, 2014; Head, KH, and EPPS, RJ Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing, Volume III, 3rd edition, Whittles Publishing, Dunbeath, UK, 2014.

Code: CIV2538 | credits: 2

Menus

Simple recognition probing with SPT tests with energy measurement and SPT-T tests. In situ permeability tests. Piezocone test. Field vane test. Dilatometer test. Pressure gauge test. Geophysical tests.

REFERENCES

Hunt, R.E. Geotechnical Engineering Investigation Handbook, second edition, CRC Press, 2005; Lunne, T., Robertson, P.K. & Powell, J.J.M. Cone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice, Spon Press, 1997; Schnaid, F. & Odebrecht, E. Field Tests and their Applications to Foundation Engineering, 2nd Edition, Oficina de Textos, 2012; ABGE. Survey Classification Guidelines, Brazilian Association of Engineering and Environmental Geology, 2013; ABGE. Soil Permeability Tests – Guidelines for Executing them in the Field, Brazilian Association of Engineering and Environmental Geology, 2015; ABNT NBR 10905. Soil – In situ reed tests – Test method, 1989; ABNT NBR 6484. Soil – Simple recognition survey with SPT – Test method, 2020; ABNT NBR 16796. Soil – Standard method for energy assessment in SPT, 2020; ABNT NBR 16797. Torque measurement in SPT tests during the execution of simple percussion recognition soundings – Procedure, 2020; ASTM D6635-15. Standard Test Method for Performing the Flat Plate Dilatometer, 2015; ASTM D1586/D1586M-18. Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils, 2018; ASTM D2573/D2573M-18. Standard Test Method for Field Vane Shear Test in Saturated Fine-Grained Soils, 2018; ASTM D4719-20. Standard Test Methods for Prebored Pressuremeter Testing in Soils, 2020; ASTM D5778-20. Standard Test Method for Electronic Friction Cone and Piezocone Penetration Testing of Soils, 2020.

Code: CIV2534 | credits: 3

Menus

Mechanical properties of rock masses. 3D modeling of rock masses. Stability of rock slopes: failure mechanisms and quantification methods. Underground excavations in rock: stresses and failure mechanisms, lining design for underground excavations. 

Konsulta'm

Properties of rock masses: definitions and properties of discontinuities, use of classification systems to obtain rock parameters. Representative elemental volume and use of models to define the properties of large volumes of rock.

3D modeling of rock masses: structural domains, use of 3D modelers for spatial distribution of properties

Slopes in rock masses: kinematic analysis, key block method, limit equilibrium analysis. Historical cases. Discussion of historical cases. Probabilistic studies in Rock Mechanics 

Underground excavations in rock: fundamentals, empirical methods for quantifying stability, methods for evaluating failure mode influenced by the structure, methods for evaluating the influence of in situ stresses, failure zones and historical cases, lining design in underground excavations. 

REFERENCES 

GOODMAN, RE Introduction to Rock Mechanics, John Wiley and Sons, 576p., 1988; HOEK, E. & BROWN, E.T. Underground Excavation in Rock, CRC Press, 532p., 1990; WYLLIE, DC Rock Slope Engineering, CRC Press, 5th edition, 636p., 2017; HOEK, E. & BRAY, J. Rock Slope Engineering, CRC Press, 3rd edition, 364p., 1981.

Code: CIV2544 | credits: 3

Menus

Critical state: stress-strain-resistance behavior of soils. Effects of anisotropy and rotation of principal stresses. Effects of temperature. Effects of shear velocity. Repetitive and cyclical loading. Unsaturated soils. Matric, solute and total suction. Humidity function. State variables and effective voltages. Stress-strain behavior. Shear strength. Volume variation. Hydraulic conductivity. Laboratory tests. Field instrumentation.

Konsulta'm

Review of the stress-strain-resistance behavior of soils within the context of the Critical State

Effects of temperature variations on the densification, compressibility, permeability and shear strength characteristics of soils

Effects of shear velocity on the drained and undrained behavior of soils

Influence of anisotropy, rotation of the direction of principal stresses and denting on the effect of shear rate on the stress-strain-strength behavior of undrained soils

Stress-strain-resistance behavior of soils under cyclic and repetitive loading

Influence of cyclic loading amplitude and frequency on undrained stress-strain-strength behavior of soils

Unsaturated soils: index properties

Suction concept in unsaturated soils

State variables and effective stresses in unsaturated soils

Suction measurements and control in unsaturated soils

Moisture retention curve in unsaturated soils

Hydraulic conductivity in unsaturated soils

Volume variation in unsaturated soils

Shear strength of unsaturated soils

Laboratory tests and field instrumentation

REFERENCES

WOOD, D.M. Soil Behavior and Critical State Soil Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, 462p., 1991; MITCHELL, JK and SOGA, K. Fundamentals of Soil Behavior, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 558p., 2005; FREDLUND, DG, RAHARDJO, H. and FREDLUND, MD Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 926p., 2012; LAMBE, TW and WHITMAN, RV Soil Mechanics, Wiley Series in Geotechnical Engineering, 553p., 1969; LU, N. and LIKOS, W.J. Unsaturated Soil Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 545p., 2004; LALOUI, L. Mechanics of Unsaturated Geomaterials, Wiley and ISTE Ltd, 381p., 2010; Selected technical articles.

Code: CIV2552 | credits: 3

Menus

Introduction. Partial differential equations in flow and transport problems. Numerical methods for solving steady/transient flow and transport equations in porous media: finite difference method, finite element method, boundary element method.

REFERENCES

Anderson MP, Woessner WW, Hunt. RJ Applied Groundwater Modeling: Simulation of Flow and Advective Transport, 2nd edition, Academic Press, 630p., 2015. Wang, H.F. Andreson, M.P.  Introduction to Groundwater Modeling: Finite Difference and Finite Element Methods, Academic Press, 237p., 1995. Bundschuh, J.; Suárez, M.C.  Introduction to the Numerical Modeling of Groundwater and Geothermal Systems: Fundamentals of Mass, Energy and Solute Transport in Poroelastic Rocks, CRC Press, 522p., 2010.

Code: CIV2532 | credits: 3

EMENTA

Introduction to the finite element method. Variational formulations. Interpolation and shape functions. Discretization of the equilibrium equation in terms of displacements. 1D, 2D finite elements (triangular, quadrilateral elements). Finite difference method in the time domain, explicit and implicit algorithms. Numerical quadrature. Infinite elements. Interface elements. Structural elements. Methods for solving nonlinear problems. Analysis of tension problems, permanent flow, densification. Simulation of the construction of landfills and excavations. Unconfined flow problems and slope stability analysis. Formulation using the weighted residual method. Modeling and solving problems with computer programs.

PROGRAMME

  • Variational formulation of the finite element method in terms of displacements for 1D stress analysis problems. Interpolation and shape functions. Deformation vs. nodal displacements.
  • Formulation for analyzing permanent flow and 1D primary densification problems. Finite difference method for progressing the approximate solution in time: explicit and implicit algorithms. 
  • Formulation of quadrilateral 2D finite elements (bilinear, quadratic, cubic). Numerical quadrature. 
  • Analysis of 2D stress problems, confined permanent flow, primary densification. Modeling, mesh generation, interpretation of results.
  • Finite interface elements for soil-structure interaction problems. Formulation of structural finite elements.
  • Methods for solving nonlinear problems (Newton-Raphson schemes, Modified Newton-Raphson, arc length). Constitutive models for nonlinear analyses.
  • Analysis of nonlinear stress problems. Permanent unconfined flow. Stability of soil slopes. Applications in computer programs.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

POTTS, DM and ZDRAVKOVIC, L. Finite Element Analysis in Geotechnical Engineering: Theory and Application, v. 1 and 2, Thomas Telford Ltd., 1999; ZIENKIEWICZ, OC, TAYLOR, RL and ZHU, JZ The Finite Element Method – Its Basis and Fundamentals, Butterworth-Heinemann, 7th edition, 756p., 2013; LI, G. Introduction to the Finite Element Method and Implementation with MATLAB, Cambridge University Press, 522p., 2020; COOK, R.D.; MALKUS, DS and PLESHA, ME Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis, 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 719p., 2001; DESAI, CS and KUNDU. T. Introductory Finite Element Method, CRC Press, 495p., 2001; HUGHES, T.J.R. The Finite Element Method: Linear Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analysis, Dover Publications, 2012.

Code: CIV2557 | credits: 3

Menus

Introduction to particle computational methods. Discrete Element Methods: introduction, law of element motion, contact models, search for contacts, boundary conditions, generation of the initial configuration, computational implementation, steps for executing the simulation, interpretation of results (relationship between microscale variables and macroscale). Material Point Method: introduction, discretization of the material point, formulation, boundary conditions, generation of material points, computational implementation.

Konsulta'm

  • Introduction to particle computational methods
  • Introduction to the discrete element method (MED)
  • Numerical solution of the law of motion
  • Types of contact models: no cohesion
  • Types of contact models: with cohesion
  • Contact search algorithms
  • Steps for running a simulation with MED
  • Numerical implementation of MED
  • Other types of particles: clumps and polygonal blocks
  • Contact in polygonal blocks and contact models for blocks
  • Introduction to the Material Point Method (MPM)
  • Numerical implementation of MPM

REFERENCES

PÖSCHEL, T.; SCHWAGER, T. Computational Granular Dynamics: Models and Algorithms, Springer-Verlag, 322p., 2005; O'SULLIVAN, C. Particulate Discrete Element Modeling: a Geomechanics Perspective, CRC Press, 576p., 2017; ZHANG, X; CHEN, Z.; LIU, Y. The Material Point Method, Academic Press, 300p., 2017; POTYONDY, DO; CUNDALL, PA, TA Bonded-Particle Model for Rock. International Journal Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, v.41, n.8, pp.1329-1364, 2004; SULSKY, D., CHEN, Z., SCHREYER, H.L. A particle method for history-dependent materials, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, v.118, pp.179-796, 1994; MAS IVARS, D.; PIERCE, ME; DARCEL, C.; REYES-MONTES, J.; POTYONDY, DO; YOUNG, R.P.; CUNDALL, PA The Synthetic Rock Mass Approach for Jointed Rock Mass Modeling, International Journal Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, v.48, n.2, pp. 219-244, 2011.

Code: CIV2540 | credits: 2

Menus 

Analysis of stresses and deformations. Invariants and Mohr's circle. Linear elastic model: isotropic and anisotropic. Theory of linear elasticity. Formulation of problems in elasticity. Applications to geotechnical engineering problems. Rupture criteria. 
 
Konsulta'm
  • Stress analysis: definition, stress state, planes and principal stresses. Tension balance. 3D Mohr circle. Haig-Westergaard space.
  • Deformation analysis: small deformations. Deformation – displacement relationships. Deformation compatibility.
  • Ideal elastic material: definitions. Stress – deformation relationship: general concepts; isotropic elastic materials. Interpretation of essays.
  • Stress – strain relationship: anisotropic elastic materials. Determination of parameters in transversely anisotropic media.
  • Formulation of problems in elasticity. Boundary conditions. Flat state of stress and deformation. Solutions in terms of tensions and in terms of displacements.
  • Application of elasticity theory in Geotechnics. Undrained loading. Poro-elastic problem.
    Rupture criteria. Influence of intermediate principal stress.
     
    REFERENCES
     
    CHOU, P. & PAGANO, N. Elasticity —Tensor Dyadic, and Engineering Approaches, Dover Publ., Inc., 290p., 1992; WANG, H.F. Theory of Linear Poroelasticity with Applications to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology, Princeton University Press, 204p., 2000; DESAI, CS & SIRIWARDANE, HJ Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials with Emphasis on Geologic Materials, Prentice Hall, Inc., 468p., 1984.

Code: CIV2547 | credits: 2

Menus

Introduction to indexical notation with summation convention. State of tension at the point. State of deformation at the point. Elastic, hyperelastic and hypoelastic constitutive models. Hyperbolic model. Introduction to plasticity theory. Isotropic hardening. Flow laws. Postulates of stability and aspects of instability in soils. Traditional elastoplastic models: Tresca, Von Mises, Mohr-Coulomb, Drucker-Prager. Modifications to the Mohr-Coulomb model: Lade & Duncan model and Matsuoka & Nakai model. Critical state concepts. Critical state model for clays: Modified Cam Clay. Cap Models. HSM Model – Hardening Soil Model. Single hardening surface model (Lade & Kim model). Models for soft soils (Soft Soil and Soil Soil Creep). Barcelona Basic Model for partially saturated soils. Hoek-Brown model for rock masses. Critical state model for sands: Nor-Sand model. Numerical implementation. Exercises.

Konsulta'm

  • Introduction to indexical notation with summation convention.
  • The state of stress at the point – main stresses and directions; deviation voltages; octahedral tensions; geometric representation of the stress state; sets of stress invariants; Mohr's circle in 2D and 3D stress states.
  • The state of deformation at the point; Lagrange, Euler and Cauchy strain tensors; small rotation tensioner; deformations and main directions; deviation deformations; octahedral deformations; compatibility equations.
  • Linear and nonlinear elastic models. Hyper and hypoelastic models. Hyperbolic model. Unloading, unloading and reloading criteria. Advantages and limitations of elastic and hypoelastic models.
  • Introduction to plasticity theory. Flow and rupture. Elasto-perfectly plastic materials and materials with elastoplastic hardening. Elastic and plastic deformation increments. Flow and plastic potential functions. General law of plastic flow. General procedure for obtaining the constitutive relationship. Postulates of stability and aspects of instability in soils.
  • Elasto-perfectly plastic models. Tresca model. Von Mises model. Mohr-Coulomb model. Drucker-Prager model. Modifications to the Mohr-Coulomb model: maximum traction criterion, Duncan – Lade model, Matsuoka – Nakai model.
  • Critical state concepts for saturated clays. Roscoe surface. Hvorslev surface. Ultimate state in heavily PA clay. Cam Clay model and Modified Cam Clay model. Hardening law. Increase in elastic and plastic deformations. Undrained formulation. Applications of the Modified Cam Clay model.
  • HSM Model – Hardening Soil Model. Stiffness dependent on stress level. Double plastic drainage surface. Flow laws. Model parameters and experimental determination. Advantages of HSM over the classical Mohr-Coulomb model.
  • Model with single constitutive surface (Lade & Kim model). Rupture criterion. Plastic flow function. Plastic potential function. Flow law. Plastic hardening and softening law. Experimental determination of model parameters. Incremental formulation. Numerical implementation.
  • Constitutive models for soft soils (Soft Soil & Soft Soil Creep). Flow functions. Flow law. Model parameters. The concept of the abc isotock. Incremental formulation. Creep deformations. Breakdown condition.
  • Barcelona Basic Model. LC and SI flow surfaces. Plastic hardening laws. Plastic deformation increments. Experimental determination of model parameters.
  • Hoek-Brown model for rock masses. Evolution of the empirical model. Generalized criterion. Formulation by plasticity theory. Parameters and determination. Advantages and limitations.
  • Critical state model for sands (Nor-Sand model). Critical state concepts for granular soils. State parameter. Critical state line (CSL) and isotropic consolidation lines (NCL). Drain surface. Flow law. Hardening law. Model parameters. Experimental determination. Numerical implementation. Applications.

REFERENCES

YU, H.-S. Plasticity and Geotechnics, Springer, 2006, 522p.; POTTS, DM AND ZDRAVKOVIC, L. Finite element analysis in geotechnical engineering: theory, Thomas Telford, 1999, 440p.; JEFFERIES, M.; BEEN, K. Soil Liquefaction – A Critical State Approach, CRC Press, Second Edition, 2016, 690p.; BRIAUD, J.L. Geotechnical Engineering: Unsaturated and Saturated Soils, John Wiley & Sons, 2013, 998p.; DESAI, CS and SIRIWARDANE, HJ Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials, with Emphasis on Geologic Materials, Prentice-Hall, 1984.; DAVIS, RO and SELVADURAI, APS Plasticity and Geomechanics, Cambridge University Press, 2002, 287p.; FREDLUND, DG; RAHARDJO, H. and FREDLUND, M.D. Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 2012, 926p.; LADE, PV Soil constitutive models: evaluation, selection and calibration, Geotechnical Special Publication 128, 2005.; MASE, GT and MASE, GE Continuum Mechanics for Engineers, CRC Press, 2nd edition, 1999, 380p.; MATSUOKA, H. and SUN, D. The SMP concept-based 3D constitutive models for geomaterials, Taylor & Francis, 2006, 136p.; PIETRUSZCZAK, S. Fundamentals of plasticity in geomechanics, CRC Press, 2010, 196p.; WOOD, D.M. Soil Behavior and Critical State Soil Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, 1990, 462p.

Code: CIV2574 | credits: 2

Menus

Cases of geotechnical works in which an event not foreseen in the project occurred and the measures taken to minimize damages and consequences are presented and discussed.

Konsulta'm

  • Santa Helena Dam rupture;
  • UENF Veterinary Hospital; 
  • Açu Dam rupture; 
  • PCH with insufficient shielding of the adductor tunnel; 
  • PCH with cracks in the Power House; 
  • Forklift on mass movement; 
  • Pipeline rupture in colluvial tongue; 
  • Poorly designed gabion spillway

REFERENCES

Sandroni, S.S. Geotechnical aspects of a dam failure during construction, Brazilian Congress of Soil Mechanics, 1986; Sandroni, S.S. About the Brazilian practice of geotechnical design of road embankments on land with very soft soils, XIII Brazilian Congress of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Curitiba, 2006; Sandroni, S.S. Displacement caused by crushed stone columns installed by vibro-replacement, XVI Brazilian Congress of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Porto de Galinhas, PE, 2012 

Code: CIV2575 | credits: 2

Menus

The subject Special Topics in Geotechnics does not have a pre-defined syllabus, as it aims to provide an opportunity to delve deeper into topics linked to research lines and projects not covered in regular subjects.

Code: CIV2576/79 | credits: 3

Menus

The subject Special Topics in Geotechnics does not have a pre-defined syllabus, as it aims to provide an opportunity to delve deeper into topics linked to research lines and projects not covered in regular subjects.

Code: CIV2572/75 | credits: 2

Menus 

The subject Special Topics in Geotechnics does not have a pre-defined syllabus, as it aims to provide an opportunity to delve deeper into topics linked to research lines and projects not covered in regular subjects.

Code: CIV2570/71 | credits: 1

Menus

 The subject Special Topics in Geotechnics does not have a pre-defined syllabus, as it aims to provide an opportunity to delve deeper into topics linked to research lines and projects not covered in regular subjects.